Ancient Roman brothel tokens, also known as “spintriae,” are intriguing artifacts from Roman history. Here are the key details about these fascinating objects:
Key Facts
- Name: Spintriae
- Period: Primarily 1st century AD, during the Roman Empire
- Material: Usually bronze or brass, sometimes copper
- Size: Typically around 20-25 mm in diameter
Design Features
- Obverse:
- Often depicts explicit sexual scenes involving two or more figures.
- Scenes are detailed and vary widely, showcasing different sexual acts and positions.
- Reverse:
- Usually features a Roman numeral (I through XVI), which some scholars believe could indicate the price or a room number within the brothel.
- Sometimes includes other symbols or inscriptions, though these are less common.
Purpose and Usage
- Brothel Use: The most widely accepted theory is that these tokens were used in Roman brothels. Customers could purchase tokens from a brothel manager and then exchange them for specific services.
- Alternative Theories: Some suggest they might have been used in gambling or as gaming tokens, although the explicit imagery supports the brothel usage theory more strongly.
Historical Context
- Roman Society: Sexuality was more openly discussed and depicted in ancient Roman culture compared to many later societies. The existence of these tokens reflects the normalized presence of brothels and the commercial nature of sex in Roman cities.
- Artifacts and Evidence: Many spintriae have been found in locations across the Roman Empire, including Pompeii, where extensive excavations have provided significant insight into Roman daily life and social practices.
Collecting and Value
- Rarity: While not exceedingly rare, genuine spintriae are highly valued by collectors of ancient artifacts due to their unique nature and historical significance.
- Value: Prices can vary widely based on condition, rarity, and the specific scene depicted. Well-preserved tokens can fetch several hundred to several thousand dollars.
- Authentication: Given their value, spintriae are often subject to forgery. It’s important to purchase from reputable dealers and to seek authentication from experts in ancient artifacts.
Notable Facts
- Erotic Art: The explicit nature of spintriae is consistent with other forms of Roman erotic art, such as frescoes and pottery, which often depicted sexual themes openly.
- Social Insights: Spintriae provide valuable insights into the commercial aspects of Roman sexuality and the operational aspects of brothels in the Roman Empire.
Conclusion
Ancient Roman brothel tokens, or spintriae, are fascinating remnants of Roman culture, offering a glimpse into the sexual mores and commercial practices of the time. They are highly collectible and valued for their historical significance, with their explicit designs serving as a reminder of the openness with which ancient Romans approached sexuality. Collectors and historians prize these tokens for the unique insights they provide into daily life in the Roman Empire.
